Suchergebnisse

In this deliverable, we report on our work on infrastructural and technological barriers to Open Access and preservation of research data as identified by key stakeholder groups. Through a mix of qualitative, quantitative and document review methods, we identified five key barriers to successfully implementing Open Access to research data in Europe: data heterogeneity and issues of standardisation; accessibility and discoverability issues; data preservation and curation; data quality and assessability; and data security. We explore these issues in detail and present existing good practice, and technical and infrastructural solutions used to mitigate such barriers. This work was conducted within the EU FP7 funded project RECODE, which focuses on developing policy recommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe. In particular, this work is coordinated by RECODE Work Package 2 (WP2), Infrastructure and technology.

This report is the deliverable for Work Package 1 (WP1), Stakeholder Values and Ecosystems, of the EU FP7 funded project RECODE (Grant Agreement No: 321463), which focuses on developing Policy Recommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe. WP1 focuses on understanding stakeholder values and ecosystems in Open Access, dissemination and preservation in the area of scientific and scholarly data (thus not government data). The objectives of this WP are as follows: • Identify and map the diverse range of stakeholder values in Open Access data and data dissemination and preservation. • Map stakeholder values on to research ecosystems using case studies from different disciplinary perspectives. • Conduct a workshop to evaluate and identify good practice in addressing conflicting value chains and stakeholder fragmentation.

Control over the bubble growth rates forming on the electrodes of water-splitting cells or chemical reactors is critical with respect to the attainment of higher energy efficiencies within these devices. This study focuses on the diffusion-driven growth dynamics of a succession of H2 bubbles generated at a flat silicon electrode substrate. Controlled nucleation is achieved by means of a single nucleation site consisting of a hydrophobic micropit etched within a micrometer-sized pillar. In our experimental configuration of constant-current electrolysis, we identify gas depletion from (i) previous bubbles in the succession, (ii) unwanted bubbles forming on the sidewalls, and (iii) the mere presence of the circular cavity where the electrode is being held. The impact of these effects on bubble growth is discussed with support from numerical simulations. The time evolution of the dimensionless bubble growth coefficient, which is a measure of the overall growth rate of a particular bubble, of electrolysis-generated bubbles is compared to that of CO2 bubbles growing on a similar surface in the presence of a supersaturated solution of carbonated water. For electrolytic bubbles and under the range of current densities considered here (5-15 A/m2), it is observed that H2 bubble successions at large gas-evolving substrates first experience a stagnation regime, followed by a fast increase in the growth coefficient before a steady state is reached. This clearly contradicts the common assumption that constant current densities must yield time-invariant growth rates. Conversely, for the case of CO2 bubbles, the growth coefficient successively decreases for every subsequent bubble as a result of the persistent depletion of dissolved CO2. ; This work was supported by The Netherlands Centre for Multiscale Catalytic Energy Conversion (MCEC), an NWO Gravitation programme funded by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science of the government of The Netherlands. We also acknowledge the support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through grants DPI2014-59292-C3-1-P, DPI2015-71901-REDT, and DPI2017-88201-C3-3-R, partially funded through European Funds.

Accepted manuscript version. Published version available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.01.013 . Accepted manuscript version, licensed CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. ; The 'Declaration concerning the prevention of unregulated high seas fishing in the central Arctic Ocean' signed by the Arctic 5 nations, limits unregulated high seas fishing in the central part of the Arctic Ocean, and holds potential social, economic and political impacts for numerous stakeholders. In this paper, the four Interim Measures in the Declaration are discussed and what value these measures bring beyond the existing international agreements is explored. It is found that even though the Declaration fills a gap in the management of potential fish stocks in the central Arctic Ocean, adopts an appropriate precautionary approach and encourages joint research activities, there are both opportunities and challenges connected to its implementation. The most valuable and urgent Interim Measure is that of joint scientific cooperation, which will facilitate more region-specific research and an increased understanding of the fisheries as well as the broader Arctic environment. Furthermore, the research generated by this measure will provide an important decision base for both regulation and management of human activity in the Arctic.